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The Bay of Bengal islands are elevated portions of the submarine mountains while the other islands are entirely built of coral deposits The Andaman and Nicobar composed of 265 big and small islands The Great Andaman group is separated from the Nicobar group by Ten Degree Channel The Great   Andaman is a collection of three islands, north, middle and south Little Andaman is separated from Great Andaman by  Duncan Passage Saddle peak in the north Andaman is the highest peak Port Blair, the main port of the union territory located in south Andaman Nicobar island contain 19 islands Car Nicobar is the northern most island in Nicobar Barren island is a dormant volcano while the Narcondam island is an extint volcano Lakshadweep contains a number of islands . Of these, eleven are comparatively larger

The Penninsular plateaus are boarded on the east and west by the coastal plains. There are two penninsulas, Kathiawar and Kuchchh, on the western coast and an extensive plain of Gujarat The east coast has a number of  deltas, namely the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and theKaveri deltas The western coast has no deltas The west coast is more or less straight and east coast is curved The west coast has sufficient rainfall and no sand dunes while the eastern coastal plain deficient in rain and contains shifting sand dunes In Andra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu the east coast is known as Payan Ghat ( Coramandal Coast) The coastal tract of Orissa is known as the Utkal plain There are two large lagoons in the east coast - the Pulicat to the north of Chennai and the Chilka to the south of Puri The coastal plain in Maharashtra is known as the Konkan, in Karnataka the Kanara plain and in Kerala the Malabar plain The Malabar coast has a number of back waters, known locally as

Facing  the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian sea the penninsular plateau from largest physiographic division It stretches from the Satpura range in the north to Kanyakumari in south, for a distance of about 1500 km and from the Westernghats in the west to Rajmahal hills in the east, for a distance of 1400 km It has four physiographic sub-units: the western Ghats, the Deccan Plateau, the Eastern Ghats and the Eastern Plateau The Sahyadri in the northern part is formed of horizontal lava sheets. Thalghat and Bhorghat are two important passes through which the means of transport runs between the Konkan plain and the interior plateau The Sahyadri in its central section runs close to the coast The Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri rivers have their sources on the Sahyadri and flow into the Bay of Bengal South of Palaghat gap is known as southern hills The highest peak Anamudi is the central point from where three ranges radiates in three directions - the Cardamom hills to the sou

A belt of hilly country bordered on the west by the Aravali range and on the east by the Vindhyan scarps is known as the Central Highland Its southern limit is the rift valley of Narmada One half of the Madhya Pradesh,one third of Rajasthan and a small part of Uttar Pradesh are included in the highlands The whole region is forested and is inhibited mostly by the Gonds, Santhals, Oraons and Bhills It contain the Aravali range, Bundelkhand Uplands, the Vindhyan range and the Narmada valley East of the Aravalli range is the Rajasthan  uplands drained mainly by the Chambal and Banas East of the Chambal, the land is rocky and is densely forested, it is known as the Madhya Bharat Parthar The Bundelkhand uplands lies between Yamunaand the Vindhyan scarp lands Between Madhya Bharat Parthar and the Vindhyan range lies an extensive lava plateau known as the Malwa which is covered with the black soil

The central and eastern part of the plain have been formed by the tributaries of the Ganga and the Bramaputra rivers. The western parts, the Punjab plains were formed by the tributaries of Indus  The Great plains are of recent origin, less than two million year sold. They are composed wholly of sediments which were deposited by the rivers The depth of the sediments varies from place to place. The maximum thickness of the sediments is believed to be about 3000m, in the central part of the plain. Half of the great plain lies in Uttar Pradesh and half in the states of Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Punjab and Hariyana This is the largest alluvial tract of the world Physical Features The Bhabar: A narrow belt running east - west direction along the foot hills of Shiwalik from Indus to Tista Consisting of gravel and assorted sediments The porosity of the pebble studded rock beds is so high that most of the streams sink and flow under ground. Therefore, the area

The Himalayas or Northern Mountains consist of the youngest and loftiest mountain chains in the world The width of the Himalayas varies from 500 km in Kashmir to 200 km in Arunachal Pradesh The Pamir popularly known as the "Roof of the World" is the connecting link between Himalayas and the high ranges of the central Asia Geographically the entire Himalayan regions can be divided into The Himalayan Ranges The Trans-Himalayas The Eastern Hills 1. Northern Mountains The Himalayas are not a single chain or range of Mountains, but a series of several, more or less parallel or converging ranges Most of the Himalayan ranges fall in India, Nepal and Bhutan, but the northern slope are partly situated in Tibet while the western extremity lies in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia   (a) The Shiwalik Range The Shiwalik comprise the outermost range of Himalayas and is known as the Outer Himalaya The width of the Shiwalik varies from 50 km in Himachal Prade

Malayalam Kavitha Bhoomikkoru Charamageetham 

Coral reef is known as "the rain forest of the sea" which are the most biodiversity region in the sea. It is a group of individual coral known as polyp. Thousands of such identical polyps live together to form coral colony. There are so  many fishes, algae invertebrates and other species lies around these corals. Mainly there exist a symbiotic relationship between algae and the coral. The corals provide protected environment and compounds for photosynthesis in algae, in turn algae provides oxygen which is useful for corals to remove wastes. Coral reef are mostly found between the tropics in Pacific ocean,Persian gulf, Indian Ocean and Red sea. The Great Barrier Reef is the largest living structure in the world located in Queensland, Australia.  Corals are providing so many benefits which are  Preventing  the shore from erosion of waves  providing habitat for variety of species Assist in carbon and nitrogen fixing  Act as a source of revenue through to

Economic Growth Economic growth means a process of sustained increase in real income of a country over a long period of time . The essential point in initiating and maintaining growth is that the country has to build up certain growth propelling forces through investments in various sectors of economy which lead to continued increase in real national income over longer time horizon.Favorable  seasonal factor should not be confused with growth. Growth is along term process. Economic Development Economic development has a wide concept. Economic development means growth plus achieving of some other social objectives such as  increased employment,  income re-distribution in favor of poor,  poverty alleviation,  culture of modernization, change in attitude as well as mode of thinking and behavior Economic development is a multi- dimensional process which seeks to uplift the entire social and economic structure of the society 

Balance of Payment The term Balance of Payment refers to a complete and comprehensive account of a country's entire commercial transactions with rest of the world . BoP is the figure showing the balance between a nation's earning from abroad and its spending abroad. If the value of imports exceeds that of exports, a deficit balance results. If export are worth more than imports, there is a favorable Balance of Payment. Balance of Payment is the most important factor in determining the exchange rate of country's currency. Balance of Trade The term Balance of Trade refers to the difference of the visible exports and imports of the countries in trade with each other . If the export are more, it is called favorable balance of trade and if the imports are more than the exports, it is called unfavorable Balance of Trade. Usually developed countries have favorable Balance of Trade and developing countries have unfavorable Balance of Trade 

  Deendayal Upadhyaya Grameen kaushalya yojana is a placement linked skill training under  Ministry of Rural Development as part of National Rural Livilyhood Mission (NRLM)    DDU-GKY uniquely placed to empower rural poor youth between the age of 15 to 35 years.   DDU-GKY follows 3-tier implementation model . The DDU-GKY National Unit at More fluctuations as the policy making,technical support and facilitation agency. The DDU-GKY state mission provide implementation support. The DDU-GKY Project Implementing Agencies implement the programme through skilling and placement projects. AIM of  DDU-GKY The aim of DDU-GKY is to reduce poverty by enabling poor household to access gainful and sustainable employment through Enable poor and marginalized to access benefits from growth. Ease pain of migration when it inevitable. Proactive approach to building partnership Monitoring of inputs and outputs where main focus is on placement is output.                         

Rustom 2 a Medium Altitude Long Endurance drone (MALE) developed by DRDO carried out test flight at the aeronautical test range at  Chitra Durga in Karnataka  Rustom 2   is designed  to fly at around 280 km/h and carryout intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR)  roles for the Indian armed forces. It is capable of carrying different combination of payload including synthetic aperture radar,electronic intelligence systems and situational awareness system.  Rustom 2 can fly missions on manual as well as autonomous modes.  The UAV has an e ndurance of 24 hours and similar to the American predator series of drone. The Rustom 2 has been designed and developed by Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE) of DRDO  and  Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd and Bharat Electronics Ltd are its production partners.